Ngaba Uyayazi Inkqubo Yokunyibilikisa IiCan ZeAluminiyam?

Iitini ze-aluminium ziyinto eqhelekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, zisebenza njengezikhongozeli zeziselo nezinye iimveliso zabathengi. Ezi tini zenziwe ngezinto ezilula, ezimelana nokugqwala, neziphinda zisetyenziswe – i-aluminium. Ukuveliswa nokurisayikilishwa kweetini ze-aluminium kubandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukunyibilika kwe-aluminium. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola inkqubo enomdla yokunyibilika kweetini ze-aluminium, sigxile kwizinto eziphambili ezifana nesithando sokunyibilika kwe-aluminium, ii-agent zokususa i-slag, ii-agent zokucoca, i-silicon yesinyithi, kunye nezihluzi ze-ceramic ze-foam.

I. Isithando somlilo sokunyibilikisa iAluminiyam
Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa iitini ze-aluminium iqala ngesithando sokunyibilikisa i-aluminium, esidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni i-aluminium eqinileyo ibe yimeko enyibilikisiweyo. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeefeni ezisetyenziswa kushishino, kodwa ezona zixhaphakileyo ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
Isithando Somlilo Esivuselelayo: Esi sithando somlilo senziwe ngegumbi elinomfanekiso ophantsi, eliyingxande apho i-aluminiyam ifudunyezwa ngokungathanga ngqo ngobushushu obuvela eluphahleni nakwiindonga. Isithando somlilo sinokufikelela kumaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-1200°C, aneleyo ukunyibilikisa i-aluminiyam.
Isithando Somlilo Esiqho ...
Isithando Somlilo Sokungenisa: Esi sithando somlilo sixhomekeke kwi-electromagnetic induction ukuvelisa ubushushu kwi-aluminium. Le nkqubo icocekile kwaye igcina amandla kakuhle, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo lokunyibilikisa i-aluminium.

II.Iiarhente zokususa inkunkuma
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilika, ukungcola kwi-aluminiyam kunokwenza umaleko we-slag kumphezulu wesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela, kubalulekile ukususa i-slag. Ii-arhente zokususa i-slag, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-fluxes, ziikhemikhali ezenza kube lula ukwahlula i-slag kwi-aluminiyam enyibilikisiweyo. Ii-arhente zokususa i-slag eziqhelekileyo ziquka ezi zilandelayo:
I-Sodium Chloride (NaCl): Le tyuwa inceda ekuqhekezeni inkunkuma, okwenza kube lula ukuyisusa.
I-Potassium Chloride (KCl): Njenge-sodium chloride, i-potassium chloride inceda ekuqhekekeni kwe-slag, ikhuthaza ukwahlukana kwayo ne-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo.
IiFluxes ezisekelwe kwiFluoride: Ezi fluxes zinceda ekususeni ukungcola kwe-oxide kwaye zinciphisa neqondo lokunyibilika kwe-slag, okwenza kube lula ukuyisusa.

III.Iiarhente zokuCoca

Iiarhente zokucoca zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula umgangatho we-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo ngokususa ukungcola okufana negesi ye-hydrogen kunye nezinto ezifakiweyo. Ezinye zeearhente zokucoca eziqhelekileyo ziquka oku kulandelayo:

I-Hexachloroethane (C2Cl6): Le khompawundi iyabola kwi-aluminiyam enyibilikisiweyo, ikhuphe igesi ye-chlorine ephendula kunye nokungcola, okwenza kube lula ukuyisusa.
Igesi yeNitrogen (N2): Xa igesi yeNitrogen ingena kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo, inceda ukususa igesi yeHydrogen kunye nezinto ezifakwe kuyo.
Igesi yeArgon (Ar): Njengenitrogen, igesi yeargon ingasetyenziselwa ukususa igesi yehydrogen kunye nezinto ezifakwe kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo.

IV.I-Silicon yesinyithi

I-silicon yesinyithi yongezwa kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo njengento yokudibanisa. Ukongezwa kwe-silicon yesinyithi kuphucula iimpawu zoomatshini zemveliso yokugqibela, njengokuqina kwayo kunye nobunzima bayo. Ngaphezu koko, i-silicon ikwanceda ekucoceni i-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo ngokuphendula kwizinto ezingcolileyo kwaye ikhuthaze ukususwa kwazo.

Ukuqukumbela, inkqubo yokunyibilikisa iitini ze-aluminium yinkqubo enzima kodwa enomdla ebandakanya izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye namanyathelo. Isithando sokunyibilikisa i-aluminium, nokuba sisithando esijikelezayo, esivuthayo, okanye esingeniswayo, sisebenza njengomqolo wenkqubo, esenza ukuba i-aluminium eqinileyo iguqulwe ibe yimeko enyibilikisiweyo. Iiarhente zokususa i-slag, ezifana ne-sodium chloride kunye ne-potassium chloride, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekususeni ukungcola nokuqinisekisa umgangatho we-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo. Iiarhente zokucoca, ezifana ne-hexachloroethane kunye negesi ye-nitrogen, ziphucula umgangatho ngokususa igesi ye-hydrogen kunye nezinto ezifakiweyo. Ukongezwa kwe-silicon yesinyithi njengento yokudibanisa akuphuculi kuphela iimpawu zoomatshini zemveliso yokugqibela kodwa kunceda nakwinkqubo yokucoca. Okokugqibela, izihluzi ze-foam ceramic zinceda ekucoceni kokugqibela i-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo, okubangela imveliso yokugqibela ecocekileyo nesemgangathweni ophezulu. Ukuqonda ezi zinto zibalulekileyo kunye namanyathelo kunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwinkqubo emangalisayo emva kokuveliswa kunye nokurisayikilisha iitini ze-aluminium.