Isinyithi sesilicon, icandelo elibalulekileyo lehlabathi lanamhlanje, liyinto yeekhemikhali enokuguquguquka okumangalisayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo.Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa zenza ukuba ibe yimathiriyeli ebalulekileyo kubuninzi bezicelo, ukusuka kwi-electronics ukuya kulwakhiwo nangaphezulu.Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-silicon yesinyithi kunye nefuthe enalo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
Silicon metal, efanekiselwa nguSi kwi-periodic table, i-grey, i-crystalline solidified ephuma kwi-silica, i-compound edla ngokufumaneka kwisanti.Ineempawu ezininzi eziphawulekayo ezinegalelo ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngokubanzi.Okokuqala, isinyithi se-silicon yi-semiconductor egqwesileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba inokuqhuba umbane phantsi kweemeko ezithile.Le propati isisiseko sendima yayo ebalaseleyo kushishino lombane.
Esinye sezicelo eziphambili zentsimbi ye-silicon kukuveliswa kwee-semiconductors kunye neesekethe ezidibeneyo.Ezi zixhobo zincinci zombane zinika amandla uluhlu olubanzi lwetekhnoloji yanamhlanje, kubandakanya ii-smartphones, iikhompyuter, iithelevishini, kunye nokunye.Isinyithi se-silicon sisetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-wafers apho ezi zijikelezo zakhiwe khona, zisebenza njenge-substrate yezinto ezibuthathaka zombane.Ubuninzi bayo, ukufikeleleka, kunye neepropathi zombane ezithembekileyo zenze ukuba ibe yinto ekhethwayo kwimveliso ye-semiconductor.
Ngapha koko, isinyithi sesilicon sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiiseli zelanga ze-photovoltaic (PV), eziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane.Iiphaneli zelanga zihlala zisebenzisa iiseli ze-PV ezise-silicon ukubamba kunye nokuguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane asebenzisekayo.Ukukwazi kweSilicon ukufunxa iifotoni ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuvelisa intlawulo yombane kwenze ukuba ibe yeyona nto iphambili kwishishini lelanga.Njengoko imfuno yemithombo yamandla ecocekileyo nehlaziyekayo iqhubeka nokunyuka, igalelo le-silicon kwitekhnoloji yeeseli zelanga liya kuhlala lixabisekile.
Ngaphandle kwendawo yombane kunye namandla, isinyithi sesilicon sifumana indawo yayo kushishino lokwakha.Ngendlela ye-silicones, eyi-synthetic compounds ephuma kwi-silicon, isebenza njengento ephambili kwii-sealants, i-adhesives, kunye neengubo.Ii-Silicones zibonelela ngokuxhathisa okukhethekileyo kumswakama, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, kunye nokuthotywa kweekhemikhali.Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiiprojekthi zokwakha ukwenza amatywina angangeni manzi, ukukhusela umphezulu, kunye nokomeleza ukuqina.Ii-Silicones zikwafumana izicelo kwiimoto, i-aerospace, kunye namashishini ezonyango ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokuthembeka.
Olunye usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lwentsimbi yesilicon kukuveliswa kweialloys aluminiyam.Xa idityaniswe ne-aluminiyam, i-silicon iphucula amandla e-alloy, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.Oku kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kumacandelo okwenziwa kwecandelo leemoto, i-aerospace, kunye nelokwakha.I-aluminium-silicon alloys isetyenziswa kwiibhlokhi ze-injini, iintloko ze-cylinder, ipistons, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifuna izinto ezikhaphukhaphu kodwa ezomeleleyo.
Ngaphaya koko, isinyithi sesilicon sisetyenziswa ekuveliseni iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali.I-silica, ephuma kwi-silicon, iyona nto iphambili yeglasi.Indawo yayo ephezulu yokunyibilika, ukwanda kwe-thermal ephantsi, kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokukhanya kuyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni iifestile, izibuko, iilensi, kunye nezinye iimveliso zeglasi ezininzi.Ii-Silicones, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, zifumana ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ukusuka kwilaphu ukuya kwiimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu.
Ukuqukumbela, iipropathi ezizodwa ze-silicon yesinyithi ziye zayiqhubela ukuba ibe yinxalenye yehlabathi lethu lanamhlanje.Ukusuka ekuxhobiseni izixhobo zethu zombane ukuya ekusebenziseni amandla elanga, ukuguquguquka kwesilicon kubonakala kumashishini ahlukeneyo.Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwimveliso ye-semiconductor, iteknoloji yeeseli zelanga, ukwakhiwa, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-alloy kubonisa ububanzi bokusetyenziswa kwayo.Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kwaye uluntu lwamkela izenzo ezizinzileyo, isinyithi sesilicon ngokungathandabuzekiyo siya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lethu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-06-2023